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British scientists

BRITISH SCIENTISTS

WILLIAM HARVEY (1578-1657) PHYSICIAN Discovered: CIRCULATION OF THE BLOOD

Sir ISAAC NEWTON (1642-1727) MATHEMATICIAN PHYSICIST ASTRONOMER PHILOSOPHER Discovered: THE METHOD OF FLUXIONS; THE LAW OF GRAVITATION Invented: THE REFLECTING TELESCOPE

JAMES WATT (1736-1819) ENGINEER Invented: UNIVERSAL STEAM ENGINE; COPYING MACHINE

WILLIAM HERSCHEL (1738-1822) ASTRONOMER Discovered: THE PLANET URANUS; BINARY STARS; TWO SATELLITES OF SATURN; INFRA-RED RAYS FROM THE SUN

EDWARD JENNER (1749-1823) PHYSICIAN Introduced: VACCINATION

DANIEL RUTHERFORD (1749-1819) PHYSICIAN CHEMIST BOTANIST Discovered: NITROGEN

Sir HUMPHRY DAVY (1778-1829) CHEMIST PHYSICIST Prepared: NITROUS OXIDE (LAUGHING GAS) Invented: SAFETY LAMP (DAVY LAMP)

GEORGE STEPHENSON (1781-1848) ENGINEER FATHER OF THE RAILWAYS Designed: LOCOMOTIVE

MICHAEL FARADAY (1791-1867) PHYSICIST, CHEMIST FATHER OF THE ELECTRIC MOTOR Discovered: ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION; DIAMAGNETISM; ELECTROLYSIS

HENRY BESSEMER (1813-1898) ENGINEER INVENTOR BUSINESSMAN Invented: BESSEMER PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL

CHARLES DARWIN (1809-1892) NATURALIST Created: THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION

Sir JAMES YOUNG SIMPSON (1811-1870) DOCTOR Discovered: THE ANAESTHETIC PROPERTIES OF CHLOROFORM

WILLIAM THOMPSON KELVIN (1824-1907) PHYSICIST ENGINEER Founded: PRESENT-DAY THERMODYNAMICS

Sir JOSEPH LISTER (1827-1912) SURGEON Introduced: ANTISEPTIC SURGERY STERILISING SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS

JAMES CLERK MAXWELL (1831-1879) PHYSICIST Introduced: KINETIC THEORY OF GASES; THEORY OF THE ELECTRO-MAGNETIC FIELD

JAMES DEWAR (1842-1923) CHEMIST PHYSICIST Invented: VACUUM FLASK

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (1847-1922) ENGINEER Invented: TELEPHONE

ERNEST RUTHERFORD (1871-1937) PHYSICIST Distinguished: TWO TYPES OF RADIATION (ALPHA AND BETA) Investigated: THE DECAY OF THE ELEMENTS; THE CHEMISTRY OF RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES