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Press in the UK

Press in the UK

The beginning of the 17th century - the right to print was strictly controlled The first newspaper in English language was printed in Amsterdam by Joris Veseler around 1620 The control over printing relaxed greatly after the abolition of the Star Chamber (English court of law) in 1641

Mercurius Caledonius founded in Edinburgh in 1660, was Scotland's first but short-lived newspaper. Only 12 editions were published during 1660 and 1661.

The first English journalist to achieve national importance was Daniel Defoe

The first bill in parliament advocating a tax on newspapers was proposed in 1711 a halfpenny on papers of half a sheet or less and a penny on newspapers that ranged from half a sheet to a single sheet in size

In 1753 the total number of copies of newspapers sold yearly in Britain amounted to 7,411,757. In 1760 it had risen to 9,464,790 and in 1767 to 11,300,980. In 1776 the number of newspapers published in London alone had increased to 53

The News Letter - one of Northern Ireland's main daily newspapers, published Monday to Saturday. first printed in 1737 Originally published three times weekly, it became daily in 1855

The Daily Telegraph was first published on 29 June 1855 and was owned by Arthur Sleigh, who transferred it to Joseph Levy the following year.

The Daily Mail was first published in 1896, it is the United Kingdom's second biggest-selling daily newspaper after The Sun the first British paper to sell a million copies a day the only British newspaper whose readership is more than 50 percent female, at 53 percent

By the 1930s, over two-thirds of the population was estimated to read a newspaper every day, with "almost everyone" taking one on Sundays.

The Morning Star was founded in 1930 as the Daily Worker, organ of the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) is a left-wing British daily tabloid newspaper with a focus on social and trade union issues.

The Independent was first published on 7 October 1986. created at a time of fundamental change slogan "It is. Are you?“ challenging The Guardian for centre-left readers, and The Times as a newspaper of record reached a circulation of over 400,000 in 1989 sparked a general freshening of newspaper design as well as a price war

The European, billed as "Europe's first national newspaper", was a weekly newspaper founded by Robert Maxwell. It lasted from 11 May 1990 until December 1998. The circulation peaked at 180,000, over half of which was British.

By the 1980s Robert Maxwell's various companies owned the Daily Mirror, the Sunday Mirror, the Scottish Daily Record and Sunday Mail and several other newspapers. Maxwell was litigious against those who would speak or write against him. The satirical magazine Private Eye lampooned him as "Cap'n Bob"

UK newspapers can be split into: more serious-minded newspapers, usually referred to as the broadsheets due to their large size and less serious newspapers, generally known as tabloids

The tabloids in turn have been divided into the more sensationalist mass market titles, or "red tops", such as The Sun and The Mirror, and the middle-market papers, The Daily Express and The Daily Mail.

In the TV comedy series Yes Minister, fictional Prime Minister Jim Hacker explains to his staff the readership of the main newspapers: Hacker: "Don't tell me about the press. I know exactly who reads the papers: The Daily Mirror is read by people who think they run the country, The Guardian is read by people who think they ought to run the country, The Times is read by people who actually do run the country, The Daily Mail is read by the wives of the people who run the country, The Financial Times is read by people who own the country, The Morning Star is read by people who think the country ought to be run by another country, and The Daily Telegraph is read by people who think it is." Sir Humphrey Appleby: "Prime Minister, what about the people who read The Sun?" Bernard Woolley: "Sun readers don't care who runs the country, as long as she's got big tits."

Both The Independent and The Times have changed in recent years to a compact format, not much bigger than that used by the tabloids. The Guardian moved in September 2005 to what is described as a "Berliner" format, slightly larger than a compact. Its Sunday stablemate The Observer has since followed suit.

All the major UK newspapers currently have websites, some of which provide free access. The Times and The Sunday Times have a paywall requiring payment on a per-day or per-month basis for non-subscribers. The Financial Times business daily also has limited access for non-subscribers.

Most towns and cities in the UK have at least one local newspaper, such as the Evening Post in Bristol and The Echo in Cardiff.

Regional newspapers in England (Incomplete list) Exterior of Hampshire Chronicle office, 1999 Daily Mail News Aintree & Maghull Champion (weekly free newspaper) Anfield & Walton Champion (weekly free newspaper) Ashford Herald Aintree & Maghull Champion (weekly free newspaper) Anfield & Walton Champion (weekly free newspaper) Berwick Advertiser Birmingham Mail Birmingham Post Bolton News Bootle Champion (weekly free newspaper) Bournemouth Daily Echo The Post, Bristol Bucks Free Press Cambridge News Camden Gazette Camden New Journal The Citizen Cornish Guardian The Cornishman Coventry Telegraph Crosby & Litherland Champion (weekly free newspaper) Deal and Sandwich Express Derby Telegraph Dover Express Droitwich Advertiser Dover Mercury East Kent Gazette East Kent Mercury East Riding Mail Eastern Daily Press (owned by Archant) East Anglian Daily Times (owned by Archant) Express and Echo Express & Star (Wolverhampton and the Black Country) Essex Chronicle Folkestone Herald Formby Champion (weekly free newspaper) Gravesend and Dartford Reporter Hampstead & Highgate Express ("Ham and High") Hull Daily Mail Hampshire Chronicle Hastings Observer Herne Bay Gazette Hythe Herald Ilford Recorder Isle of Wight County Press The Journal (Newcastle upon Tyne) Kent and Sussex Courier Kent on Saturday Kent on Sunday Kent Messenger Kentish Express Kentish Gazette Lancashire Evening Post Lancashire Telegraph Leicester Mercury Lincolnshire Echo Liverpool Daily Post Liverpool Echo London Evening Standard Lynn News Manchester Evening News Medway News The Mercury (Lichfield, Tamworth and surrounding area) Mid Sussex Times Newcastle Evening Chronicle Newcastle Sunday Sun Northampton Chronicle & Echo Northampton Herald & Post The Northern Echo (North East England) Nottingham Evening Post Oldham Chronicle Ormskirk Advertiser Ormskirk & West Lancs Champion (weekly free newspaper) Oxfordshire Guardian Oxford Journal Oxford Mail Oxford Times Patterdale Chronicle Peterborough Evening Telegraph "The Poole Observer" (Digital daily newspaper) The Press (York) Reading Chronicle Romney Marsh Herald Salford Advertiser Salford City Reporter Salisbury Journal Scunthorpe Telegraph The Sentinel (Stoke-on-Trent and Staffordshire) Sevenoaks Chronicle Sheerness Times Guardian Sheffield Star Shropshire Star Skelmersdale Champion (weekly free newspaper) Southern Daily Echo Southport Champion (weekly free newspaper) Southport Visiter[2] Southport Reporter Star Courier Hampshire and Surrey Stockport Express and Times, Stockport and district Sunday Independent (South West England) Sunderland Echo Tavistock Times Gazette Teesdale Mercury The Champion (Southport)[3] The Argus (Brighton & Hove and Sussex) The Asian Today (Midlands) (owned by Urban Media) Yorkshire Post Watford Observer The West Briton Warwickshire Telegraph Western Daily Press Western Morning News Whitstable Gazette Wigan Observer Wirral Globe Wythenshawe World

London London –Evening Standard (free since late 2009, Metro (free, published by Daily Mail and General Trust plc) London Lite (free, published by Daily Mail and General Trust plc) The Londoner, free, published by the Mayor of London South London Press (Dulwich, Southwark, and Streatham) Bexley Mercury Barking & Dagenham Yellow Advertiser Barking & Dagenham Recorder Bexley Times Brent & Wembley Leader The Press (Barnet and Hendon) The Wharf (Canary Wharf) Croydon Advertiser Croydon Guardian Croydon Post Camden New Journal Camden Gazette Ealing Gazette Ealing Leader Ealing Informer East London Advertiser Enfield Advertiser Enfield Gazette Fulham & Hammersmith Chronicle Hackney Gazette Hammersmith & Kensington Times Hampstead and Highgate Express Haringey Advertiser Harrow Leader Harrow Informer Harrow & Wembley Observer Havering Yellow Advertiser (Romford) Hornsey & Crouch End Journal Hounslow Borough Chronicle Hounslow, Chiswick & Whitton Informer Ilford Recorder Ilford & Redbridge Yellow Advertiser Islington Gazette Kensington & Chelsea Informer Kilburn Times Kingston Guardian Lewisham & Grenwich Mercury Mitcham, Morden & Wimbledon Post Muswell Hill Journal Newham Recorder Paddington & Westminster Times Richmond and Twickenham Times Romford and Havering Post Staines Informer Staines Leader Stratford & Newham Express Streatham, Clapham & West Norwood Post Surrey Herald Surrey Mirror Advertiser Surrey Comet covering the Royal borough of Kingston Sutton & Epsom Post Tottenham, Wood Green and Edmonton Journal Uxbridge Gazette Uxbridge & Hillingdon Leader Wanstead and Woodford Guardian Wembley & Kingsbury Times Willesden & Brent Times

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